Course 5 - Silav û Edeb (Greetings & Politeness)

🧩 1. Peyvên (Vocabulary): Greetings & Politeness

Greetings (Silav)

Silav

Hello

Rojbaş

Good day

Beyanîbaş

Good morning

Êvarbaş

Good evening

Şevbaş

Good night

Xwa hafiz

Goodbye

Bi sîlamêt

Goodbye (safe travels)

Bi xêr hatî

Welcome (to one person)

Bi xêr hatin

Welcome (to many people)

Heta sibê

See you tomorrow

Heta paşê

See you later

Politeness (Edeb)

Spas

Thanks

Spas dikim

Thank you

Gelek spas

Thank you very much

Ji kerema xwe

Please

Ji bo te

You're welcome

Bibore

Sorry / Excuse me

Pirsgirêk nine

No problem

Tu çawa yî?

How are you?

Ez baş im

I'm fine

Ez gelek baş im

I'm very well

Tu jî?

And you?

Kêfxweş bûm

Nice to meet you

Ez jî kêfxweş bûm

Nice to meet you too

Heta careke din

See you next time

Divê ez herim

I must go

Roja te baş be

Have a good day

Xwedê te biparêze

God bless you

🧠 2. Struktur (Structure): Basic Sentence Patterns

Learn basic sentence patterns for polite conversations:

💡 Introducing Yourself

Pattern: Navê min [name] e.

Examples:

• Navê min Sara ye. = My name is Sara.
• Navê min Hasan e. = My name is Hasan.
• Navê te çi ye? = What is your name?

💡 Asking "How are you?"

Pattern: Tu çawa yî? / Tu çawa yî?

Examples:

• Tu çawa yî? = How are you? (to male)
• Tu çawa yî? = How are you? (to female)
• Ez baş im, spas. = I'm fine, thanks.
• Ez gelek baş im. = I'm very well.

🗣️ Example Conversation:

👤 Person A:

Silav! Navê min Leyla ye. Navê te çi ye?

Hello! My name is Leyla. What is your name?

👤 Person B:

Silav Leyla! Navê min Azad e. Tu çawa yî?

Hello Leyla! My name is Azad. How are you?

👤 Person A:

Ez baş im, spas. Tu jî?

I'm fine, thanks. And you?

🎧 3. Guhdarîkirin (Listening): Social Scenes

Listen to these 6 common social situations and learn appropriate responses:

Scene 1: Morning Greeting

A: Beyanîbaş!
(Good morning!)
B: Beyanîbaş! Tu çawa yî?
(Good morning! How are you?)
A: Ez baş im, spas. Tu jî?
(I'm fine, thanks. And you?)
B: Ez jî baş im.
(I'm fine too.)

Scene 2: Saying Thank You

A: Ev ji te re ye.
(This is for you.)
B: Spas dikim! Gelek spas!
(Thank you! Thank you very much!)
A: Ji bo te.
(You're welcome.)

Scene 3: Apologizing

A: Bibore, ez dereng im.
(Sorry, I'm late.)
B: Pirsgirêk nine. Tu niha hatî?
(No problem. Did you just arrive?)
A: Erê, ez niha hatim.
(Yes, I just arrived.)

Scene 4: First Meeting

A: Silav! Navê min Sara ye.
(Hello! My name is Sara.)
B: Silav Sara! Navê min Hasan e. Kêfxweş bûm!
(Hello Sara! My name is Hasan. Nice to meet you!)
A: Ez jî kêfxweş bûm!
(Nice to meet you too!)

Scene 5: Polite Request

A: Ji kerema xwe, tu dikarî alîkariya min bikî?
(Please, can you help me?)
B: Erê, çi dixwazî?
(Yes, what do you want?)
A: Ez dixwazim derî veke.
(I want to open the door.)
B: Baş e, ez vedikim.
(Okay, I'll open it.)

Scene 6: Saying Goodbye

A: Divê ez herim. Xwa hafiz!
(I must go. Goodbye!)
B: Xwa hafiz! Heta careke din!
(Goodbye! See you next time!)
A: Heta careke din. Şevbaş!
(See you next time. Good night!)

🎯 Comprehension Questions

Answer these questions based on the scenes:

1. In Scene 1, what greeting is used in the morning?

2. In Scene 3, what does "Bibore" mean?

3. How do you say "Nice to meet you" in Kurdish?

📖 4. Xwendin (Reading): Polite Conversation

Read this polite conversation between two people meeting for the first time:

👨 Omer:

Rojbaş! Navê min Omer e.

Good day! My name is Omer.

👩 Dilan:

Rojbaş Omer! Navê min Dilan e. Kêfxweş bûm!

Good day Omer! My name is Dilan. Nice to meet you!

👨 Omer:

Ez jî kêfxweş bûm! Tu çawa yî?

Nice to meet you too! How are you?

👩 Dilan:

Ez baş im, spas dikim. Tu jî?

I'm fine, thank you. And you?

👨 Omer:

Ez jî baş im. Tu ji ku yî?

I'm also fine. Where are you from?

👩 Dilan:

Ez ji Slemênî me. Tu jî?

I'm from Sulaymaniyah. And you?

👨 Omer:

Ez ji Hewlêrê me. Ji kerema xwe, tu dikarî Kurdî bipeyivî?

I'm from Erbil. Please, can you speak Kurdish?

👩 Dilan:

Erê, ez Kurdî dipeyivim. Tu jî?

Yes, I speak Kurdish. You too?

👨 Omer:

Erê, ez jî Kurdî dipeyivim. Gelek baş!

Yes, I also speak Kurdish. Very good!

👩 Dilan:

Divê ez herim. Xwa hafiz!

I must go. Goodbye!

👨 Omer:

Xwa hafiz! Heta careke din!

Goodbye! See you next time!

✍️ 5. Nivîsandin (Writing): Write a Polite Message

Write a short polite message (3 lines) using greetings and polite expressions:

📝 Writing Exercise

Write a 3-line message introducing yourself politely. Include:
1. A greeting
2. Your name
3. A polite closing

Your Message (3 lines):

🗣️ 6. Axaftin (Speaking): Role-Play - Arriving & Leaving

Practice greeting someone when you arrive and saying goodbye when you leave!

🎭 Role-Play Scenarios

Choose the appropriate phrase for each situation:

Scenario 1: You arrive at a friend's house in the morning

What do you say?

Scenario 2: You're leaving and it's evening

What do you say?

Scenario 3: Someone helps you and you want to thank them

What do you say?

Score: 0 / 3

📝 7. Lêkerên Bingehîn (Basic Verbs)

Learn these essential verbs that you'll use in everyday conversations:

Basic Verbs List

Hatin

To come

Çûn

To go

Xwarin

To eat

Vexwarin

To drink

Dîtin

To see

Zanîn

To know

Kirin

To do / To make

Peyivîn

To speak

Xwendin

To read

Nivîsîn

To write

Guhdarîkirin

To listen

Bûn

To be / To become

🎯 Exercise: Match Verbs with Translations

Click on a verb, then click on its English translation to match them:

Kurdish Verbs

English Translations

🚫 8. Negation (Na / Ne): Using Verbs in Negative Form

Learn how to make negative sentences using the verbs from Section 7:

💡 Simple "No" Answer

Na = No

Examples:

• Tu dixwazî çay? - Na.
(Do you want tea? - No.)

• Tu Kurdî dizanî? - Na, ez nizanim.
(Do you know Kurdish? - No, I don't know.)

💡 Negative Verbs Pattern

Pattern: Subject + na + verb stem + ending

Common Negative Forms:

• Zanîn (to know) → nizanim (I don't know)
• Xwarin (to eat) → naxwim (I don't eat)
• Vexwarin (to drink) → naxwim (I don't drink)
• Dîtin (to see) → nabînim (I don't see)
• Hatin (to come) → nayêm (I don't come)
• Çûn (to go) → naçim (I don't go)

💡 Negative "to be" (Bûn)

Pattern: Subject + ne + adjective/location

Examples:

• Ez ne baş im. = I'm not fine.
• Tu ne li malê yî. = You're not at home.
• Ew ne birçî ye. = He/She is not hungry.
• Em ne li dibistanê ne. = We're not at school.

✍️ Exercise: Transform to Negative

Change these positive sentences to negative using the verbs you learned:

1. Ez Kurdî dizanim. (I know Kurdish) → Negative:

2. Tu nan dixwî. (You eat bread) → Negative:

3. Ew çay dixwe. (He/She drinks tea) → Negative:

4. Em li malê ne. (We are at home) → Negative:

5. Hûn Kurdî dipeyivin. (You [plural] speak Kurdish) → Negative:

6. Ez dibînim. (I see) → Negative:

📚 9. Gotinên Diyarker (Articles & Determiners)

⚠️ Important!

In Kurdish, definite articles (the) are SUFFIXES added AFTER the noun, not separate words before!
They change based on the noun's gender (masculine/feminine).

📌 Definite Articles (the)

Articles are SUFFIXES added to the end of nouns:

Masculine nouns:
• Add -ê to the noun
Examples:
  - roj → rojê (day → the day)
  - beyan → beyanê (morning → the morning)
  - êvar → êvarê (evening → the evening)

Feminine nouns:
• Add -a to the noun
Examples:
- şev → şeva (night → the night)
- mal → mala (house → the house)

Plural nouns (both genders):
• Add -ên to the plural noun
Examples:
- roj → rojan → rojanên (days → the days)
- mal → malan → malanên (houses → the houses)

📌 Indefinite Articles (a/an)

Two ways to say "a/an":

1. Using "yek" (one):
• yek comes BEFORE the noun
Examples:
  - yek roj (a/one day)
  - yek silav (a/one greeting)
  - yek heval (a/one friend)

2. Using suffix "-ek":
• Add -ek to the end of the noun
Examples:
  - roj → rojek (a day)
  - silav → silavek (a greeting)
  - heval → hevalek (a friend)

💡 Examples with Course 5 vocabulary:

• Roja te baş be! = Have a good day! (The-day your good be)
• Rojê baş e. = The day is good.
• Şeva baş bû. = The night was good.
• Ez yek silav dikim. = I give a greeting.
• Ev silavek e. = This is a greeting.
• Mala te baş be! = May your house be well!

🎯 Practice: Articles with Greetings Vocabulary

Add the correct article suffix to complete these sentences:

1. Roj___ baş e. (The day is good)

2. Şev___ baş bû. (The night was good)

3. Ez ___ heval dibînim. (I see a friend)

4. Mal___ mezin e. (The house is big)

5. Ez ___ silav dikim. (I give a greeting)

6. Êvar___ xweş e. (The evening is nice)

🎉 Pîroz be! Congratulations!

You've completed Course 5: Greetings & Politeness!
You can now greet people and use polite expressions in Kurdish.

← Back to Course Selection

Kurdish Academy

🤝 Course 5: Silav û Edeb (Greetings & Politeness)

🧩 1. Peyvên (Vocabulary): Greetings & Politeness

Greetings (Silav)

Politeness (Edeb)

🧠 2. Struktur (Structure): Basic Sentence Patterns

💡 Introducing Yourself

Examples:

💡 Asking "How are you?"

Examples:

🗣️ Example Conversation:

🎧 3. Guhdarîkirin (Listening): Social Scenes

📖 4. Xwendin (Reading): Polite Conversation

✍️ 5. Nivîsandin (Writing): Write a Polite Message

🗣️ 6. Axaftin (Speaking): Role-Play - Arriving & Leaving

Scenario 1: You arrive at a friend's house in the morning

Scenario 2: You're leaving and it's evening

Scenario 3: Someone helps you and you want to thank them

📝 7. Lêkerên Bingehîn (Basic Verbs)

Basic Verbs List

Kurdish Verbs

English Translations

🚫 8. Negation (Na / Ne): Using Verbs in Negative Form

💡 Simple "No" Answer

Examples:

💡 Negative Verbs Pattern

Common Negative Forms:

💡 Negative "to be" (Bûn)

Examples:

📚 9. Gotinên Diyarker (Articles & Determiners)

⚠️ Important!

📌 Definite Articles (the)

📌 Indefinite Articles (a/an)

💡 Examples with Course 5 vocabulary:

🎉 Pîroz be! Congratulations!